Journal of Geodesy, Cartography and Cadastre - No 7 / 2017
Integral issue here
Table of Contents (technical articles)
Prediction of the behavior of a bridge using the deformation model / Alexandra Nadia Dabija (married Cîrdei), Dumitru Onose, p. 6-11
Spatial data geoportal for Local Administration – smart solution for a secure and valuable cultural heritage / Clara-Beatrice Vîlceanu, Carmen Grecea, Sorin Herban, p. 12-18
Challenges of sustainable redevelopment of brownfield sites in the metropolitan area of Timisoara / Anca-Maria Moscovici, Carmen Grecea, Raluca Vaduva, p. 20-23
Height Reference Surface for high accuracy Digital Elevation Modelling in Republic of Moldova / Vasile Chiriac, p. 24-27
Application of pan – European map projections on the territory of Republic of Moldova / Ana Vlasenco, p. 28-33
Using 3D laser scanning in the architectural field / Marius Neagu, Doina Vasilca, p. 34-44
Prediction of the behavior of a bridge using the deformation model
Alexandra Nadia Dabija (married Cîrdei), Dumitru Onose
Received: April 2016 / Accepted: September 2016 / Published: December 2017
Abstract
Deformation analysis, especially for constructions of particular importance, is an up to date theme. Improving the process of determining them and reducing the time needed to analyze the results are the main concerns of researchers in the field. The present paper aims to highlight the steps necessary to achieve the prediction of the behavior of a bridge located on the A2 Highway over the Danube-Black Sea Canal, based on the measurements made for the deformations determination. It also aims to demonstrate the usefulness of implementing deformation analysis results in risk management. Based on the measurements made in several phases, the deformation model is made using the finite element method. Information about the structure of the bridge and the forces acting on the structure, is later added to this deformation model. The model is tested and adjusted until it is stabilized, in other words the results provided by the model need to check out with measurements from the next phase. After stabilizing the model, it can be used for various purposes, such as: determining the deformation values we expect in the next phase, which can be used for consolidating when required, verifying the maximum forces the bridge can sustain without incurring major physical depreciations, verifying some hypotheses that relate to limit situations to determine how the structure will react. Therefore deformation analysis can be a starting point for risk management, especially when we consider large constructions or constructions of great importance. The data obtained for the deformation analysis can be used in simulation systems so that forecasts can be made regarding how the construction is going to behave in case of risk situations. We can set the ”alarming” parameters that can be overcome without producing irreversible effects immediately, but which can draw the attention to potential problems of those responsible. Thus decision-makers have sufficient time to verify various assumptions, to take pre-decisions and apply them so that the negative effect is diminished or eliminated. The destruction of great constructions can lead to environmental damage, but more than that, they can affect the health and integrity of the people exploiting it, and the safety of people and the reduction of pollution are priority issues at both national and international level, which is why it is necessary to implement a risk management system. I believe that there is the necessary data to start such a process for many constructions of great importance and I also think it would bring many benefits to the big beneficiaries, giving them the chance to prevent unwanted events and to prepare properly the construction in order not to suffer major damage.
Keywords: Monitoring, deformations, finite element, prediction, deformation model, bridge, structure
Entire article here
Spatial data geoportal for Local Administration – smart solution for a secure and valuable cultural heritage
Clara-Beatrice Vîlceanu, Carmen Grecea, Sorin Herban
Received: April 2016 / Accepted: September 2016 / Published: December 2017
Abstract
Implementing a spatial data geoportal at Local Administration level using EU non-refundable funds could be a smart solution for managing secure and valuable property based on IoT meant to reinforce Europe's cultural diversity by making our heritage and our cultural creations available to a wider number of citizens. One of the strategies developed by the European Commission refers to Digital Single Market and includes tasks such as investing on network and technologies by funding research that enables new technologies like 5G and Internet of Things (IoT). The aim is to benefit European citizens with fast and accessible Internet for the future and make cities more sustainable in view of Europe's 2020 targets. Romania, as a member state, has aligned its priorities to the EU and is constantly trying to develop smart solutions in the interest areas that also permit funds attracting. Timișoara Municipality has set its goal to become one of Europe’s smart cities and communities, thus developing (among others) a cultural strategy for 2014 – 2024. Competing and winning the title for “European capital of culture” initiative implied involving the entire community in embarking socio-economic and infrastructure projects supported by an information platform which ensures efficient data management for the municipality. This platform facilitated a good visibility of the candidate city in the context of enhancing the contribution of culture to its long-term development in accordance with its priorities and strategies.
Keywords: Sustainability, valuable property, cultural heritage, geoportal, European capital of culture
Entire article here
Challenges of sustainable redevelopment of brownfield sites in the metropolitan area of Timisoara
Anca-Maria Moscovici, Carmen Grecea, Raluca Vaduva
Received: April 2016 / Accepted: September 2016 / Published: December 2017
Abstract
Brownfield redevelopment is gaining ground in Europe, and more and more Member States are searching for sustainable measures to deal with those sites in order to reduce their negative impact. Brownfields in Romania are mainly connected with the decline of industry from the communist era. Timisoara is one of the biggest cities in Romania, where the increasingly demand for land for housing and industrial use encourage the urban sprawl. In this paper, we approach the problem of brownfield sites and we are trying to highlight the importance of interdisciplinary team of experts in making cities more resilient to local challenges. Initial site assessment is mandatory for further redevelopment of a brownfield site, and the surveyors have an important role. Many issues have to be taken into account, such as the site location, ownership, costs (as purchase of land, costs with demolition of existing facilities or soil decontamination) or risk and vulnerabilities. But the advantages of brownfields redevelopment are considerable and can represent gains on many fronts: on the environmental, social and economic development side.
Keywords: brownfield sites, sustainable redevelopment, mapping, environmental conflicts, land administration.
Entire article here
Height Reference Surface for high accuracy Digital Elevation Modelling in Republic of Moldova
Vasile Chiriac
Received: April 2016 / Accepted: September 2016 / Published: December 2017
Abstract
In 2011 Laser Scanning of flood risk areas was done by Land Relation and Cadastre Agency in the frame of the project financed by Norwegian Government. The future plans are to cover all territory of the country with LiDAR data. However, as the precision and availability of LiDAR elevation data has improved the need to tie the LiDAR elevations to a National Levelling Network has increased. When combined with GNSS and inertial navigation data the ranges stored by the onboard computer may be converted to a 3-dimensional spot position – in this case expressed in European Terrestrial Reference System (ETRS89) coordinates based on GRS80 ellipsoid. To utilize this data at local or national level it is necessary to convert the ellipsoidal heights to a vertical datum such as the Baltic Sea 1977. This conversion requires the use of a high accuracy Height Reference Surface (HRS) that may be developed by conducting GNSS measurements on the national levelling network benchmarks and using Earth Gravitational Model EGM2008. This paper presents the results of comparative study of Height Reference Surface modelling methods using control GNSS/Levelling measurements and EGM2008 model. The GNSS measurements were carried out on 40 first and second order levelling benchmarks of National Levelling Network. For HRS determination three, four, five and seven parameters equations and multi-quadratic surface methods were used. Comparative analyses of examined methods showed the increasing accuracy from 5.6 cm using parameters equations to 4.6 cm with multi-quadratic surface model that correspond to fourth order levelling and could be used for high resolution Digital Elevation Modelling for all territory of the country. The analyses of residuals showed the best results in the middle part country territory and the worse on the eastern and western borders were is a lack of high quality data.
Keywords: Quasigeoid, Height Reference Surface, GNSS/Levelling, parameters equation, multi-quadratic surface.
Entire article here
Application of pan – European map projections on the territory of Republic of Moldova
Ana Vlasenco
Received: April 2016 / Accepted: September 2016 / Published: December 2017
Abstract
Currently in the member countries or candidate of the European Union is recommended to use a single geodetic reference system and a single map projection for panEuropean applications. In perspective of the integration of the Republic of Moldova into the European Union, besides the adoption of geodetic reference systems must be taken into consideration map projections compatible with those used for pan-European representations. This paper represents a study on the main features of maps projections used in European countries and some possibilities on their application on the territory of Republic of Moldova, in terms of geographic position and the level of deformations produced by these projections. Following the study of the European Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area projection (ETRS89-LAEA) for statistical analysis and visualization, it was found that the smallest deformations are when the projection pole is taken in the center of the Republic of Moldova and the relative linear deformations vary up to ± 12 cm/km. In the Lambert Conformal Conic projection (ETRS89-LCC) designed to draw pan-European maps at scales smaller or equal than 1: 500 000, when the projection pole is taken in the center of the Republic of Moldova, and the secant parallels on the territory of our country φkS = 46°; φkN = 48°, the linear deformations range from -15.18 cm/km to 19.17 cm/km. And in the European Transversal Mercator Projection (ETRS89-TMzn) recommended for pan-European compliant maps at scales higher than 1: 500 000, the linear deformations range from -40 cm/km on the axial meridian to +32 cm/km in the eastern part of the country. The results of this study could be used by Land Relation and Cadastre Agency for spatial data infrastructure development.
Keywords: Map projection, reference system, the relative linear deformations, standard parallel, axial meridian
Entire article here
Using 3D laser scanning in the architectural field
Marius Neagu, Doina Vasilca
Received: April 2016 / Accepted: September 2016 / Published: December 2017
Abstract
In this article, we present the characteristics of 3D laser scanning and one of its applications in the architectural field. Three-dimensional terrestrial scanning is the latest technology in the process of acquiring data of an object’s space without any contact with the measured objects. Being an efficient, fast and high-precision method, it is therefore used in the preservation, rehabilitation and modernisation of buildings. 3D laser scanning is also used for creating building informational models in order to verify their compliance with renovation and rehabilitation projects. So as to illustrate all of the above, we have used 3D laser scanning technology in the rehabilitation of a degraded and uninhabitable house from Bucharest. The final project, consisting of both 2D and 3D derivatives, will be used by architects and civil engineers towards reaching the best rehabilitation decisions, in order to transform the building into a safe and pleasant place to live.
Keywords: 3D laser scanning, 3D model, architecture, buildings.
Entire article here
